diff --git a/src/lib/engine/derived.ts b/src/lib/engine/derived.ts
index 0b67f5c..447c5ee 100644
--- a/src/lib/engine/derived.ts
+++ b/src/lib/engine/derived.ts
@@ -7,64 +7,74 @@ export function effectiveAttr(char: Character, key: AttributeKey): number {
 	return a.startwert + a.mod;
 }
 
-/** DSA 4.1: AT-Basis = (MU + GE + KK) / 5, kaufmännisch gerundet */
+/** AT-Basis = (MU + GE + KK) / 5, kaufmännisch gerundet */
 export function atBasis(char: Character): number {
-	const v = (effectiveAttr(char, 'MU') + effectiveAttr(char, 'GE') + effectiveAttr(char, 'KK')) / 5;
-	return Math.round(v);
+	const mu = effectiveAttr(char, 'MU');
+	const ge = effectiveAttr(char, 'GE');
+	const kk = effectiveAttr(char, 'KK');
+	return Math.round((mu + ge + kk) / 5);
 }
 
-/** PA-Basis = (IN + GE + KK) / 5 */
+/** PA-Basis = (IN + GE + KK) / 5, kaufmännisch gerundet */
 export function paBasis(char: Character): number {
-	const v = (effectiveAttr(char, 'IN') + effectiveAttr(char, 'GE') + effectiveAttr(char, 'KK')) / 5;
-	return Math.round(v);
+	const inn = effectiveAttr(char, 'IN');
+	const ge = effectiveAttr(char, 'GE');
+	const kk = effectiveAttr(char, 'KK');
+	return Math.round((inn + ge + kk) / 5);
 }
 
-/** FK-Basis = (IN + FF + KK) / 4 */
+/** FK-Basis = (IN + FF + KK) / 5, kaufmännisch gerundet */
 export function fkBasis(char: Character): number {
-	const v = (effectiveAttr(char, 'IN') + effectiveAttr(char, 'FF') + effectiveAttr(char, 'KK')) / 4;
-	return Math.round(v);
+	const inn = effectiveAttr(char, 'IN');
+	const ff = effectiveAttr(char, 'FF');
+	const kk = effectiveAttr(char, 'KK');
+	return Math.round((inn + ff + kk) / 5);
 }
 
-/** INI-Basis = (MU + MU + IN + GE) / 4 */
+/** INI-Basis = (MU + MU + IN + GE) / 5, kaufmännisch gerundet */
 export function iniBasis(char: Character): number {
-	const v =
-		(effectiveAttr(char, 'MU') +
-			effectiveAttr(char, 'MU') +
-			effectiveAttr(char, 'IN') +
-			effectiveAttr(char, 'GE')) /
-		4;
-	return Math.round(v);
+	const mu = effectiveAttr(char, 'MU');
+	const inn = effectiveAttr(char, 'IN');
+	const ge = effectiveAttr(char, 'GE');
+	return Math.round((mu + mu + inn + ge) / 5);
 }
 
-/** MR-Basis = (MU + KL + KO) / 5 + MR-Mod aus Energien + Rassen-MR */
+/** MR-Basis = (MU + KL + KO) / 5 + MR-Mod + Rassen-MR, kaufmännisch gerundet */
 export function mrBasis(char: Character): number {
-	const race = getRaceDef(char.meta.rasse);
-	const v =
-		(effectiveAttr(char, 'MU') + effectiveAttr(char, 'KL') + effectiveAttr(char, 'KO')) / 5 +
-		char.energien.mr.mod +
-		(race?.mr_mod ?? 0);
-	return Math.round(v);
+	const mu = effectiveAttr(char, 'MU');
+	const kl = effectiveAttr(char, 'KL');
+	const ko = effectiveAttr(char, 'KO');
+	const race = getRaceDef(char.meta.rasse)?.mr_mod ?? 0;
+	return Math.round((mu + kl + ko) / 5 + char.energien.mr.mod + race);
 }
 
-/** LeP-Maximum: (2*KO + KK) / 2 abrunden + Rassenbonus + LeP-Mod */
+/** LeP-Maximum: (2*KO + KK) / 2 kaufmännisch gerundet + Rassenbonus + LeP-Mod */
 export function lepMax(char: Character): number {
 	const ko = effectiveAttr(char, 'KO');
 	const kk = effectiveAttr(char, 'KK');
-	const base = Math.floor((2 * ko + kk) / 2);
+	const base = Math.round((2 * ko + kk) / 2);
 	const race = getRaceDef(char.meta.rasse)?.lep_mod ?? 0;
 	return base + race + char.energien.lep.mod;
 }
 
+/** Asp-Maximum: (MU + IN + CH) / 2 kaufmännisch gerundet + Rassenbonus + Asp-Mod */
 export function aspMax(char: Character): number {
 	if (!char.energien.asp) return 0;
+	const mu = effectiveAttr(char, 'MU');
+	const inn = effectiveAttr(char, 'IN');
+	const ch = effectiveAttr(char, 'CH');
+	const base = Math.round((mu + inn + ch) / 2);
 	const race = getRaceDef(char.meta.rasse)?.asp_mod ?? 0;
-	const base = effectiveAttr(char, 'IN') + effectiveAttr(char, 'IN') + effectiveAttr(char, 'CH');
 	return Math.max(0, base + race + char.energien.asp.mod);
 }
 
+/** Aup-Maximum: (MU + KO + GE) / 2 kaufmännisch gerundet + Rassenbonus + Aup-Mod */
 export function aupMax(char: Character): number {
+	const mu = effectiveAttr(char, 'MU');
+	const ko = effectiveAttr(char, 'KO');
+	const ge = effectiveAttr(char, 'GE');
+	const base = Math.round((mu + ko + ge) / 2);
 	const race = getRaceDef(char.meta.rasse)?.aup_mod ?? 0;
-	const base = effectiveAttr(char, 'MU') + effectiveAttr(char, 'MU') + effectiveAttr(char, 'IN');
 	return Math.max(0, base + race + char.energien.aup.mod);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/lib/engine/ranged.ts b/src/lib/engine/ranged.ts
index 2deeaf4..f522f6d 100644
--- a/src/lib/engine/ranged.ts
+++ b/src/lib/engine/ranged.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 import type { Character } from '$lib/schema/character';
 import { effectiveAttr, fkBasis } from '$lib/engine/derived';
+import { getAbility } from '$lib/rules/abilities';
+import { getAdvantage } from '$lib/rules/advantages';
+import { getDisadvantage } from '$lib/rules/disadvantages';
 import type { RangedWeaponId } from '$lib/rules/weapons-ranged';
 import { getRangedWeapon } from '$lib/rules/weapons-ranged';
 import type { Expertise } from '$lib/rules/expertise';
@@ -22,8 +25,6 @@ import {
 	type VisibilityId
 } from '$lib/rules/modifiers-ranged';
 
-export type { Expertise } from '$lib/rules/expertise';
-
 export type RangedSelections = {
 	range: RangeId;
 	targetSize: TargetSizeId;
@@ -96,17 +97,24 @@ function effectiveTaWForReload(
 	return { effectiveTaW: rawTaW };
 }
 
+export function expertiseFromCharacter(char: Character): Expertise {
+	if (char.abilities.some((a) => a.defId === 'marksman')) return 'master';
+	if (char.abilities.some((a) => a.defId === 'sniper')) return 'expert';
+	return 'none';
+}
+
 export function computeRangedTarget(
 	char: Character,
 	weaponId: RangedWeaponId,
-	selections: RangedSelections,
-	expertise: Expertise
+	selections: RangedSelections
 ): RangedResult {
 	const weapon = getRangedWeapon(weaponId);
 	if (!weapon) {
 		throw new Error(`Unknown weapon: ${weaponId}`);
 	}
 
+	const expertise = expertiseFromCharacter(char);
+
 	const fkBase = fkBasis(char);
 	const kt = char.kampftalente.find((k) => k.id === weapon.skill);
 	const rawTaW = kt?.taw ?? 0;
@@ -125,6 +133,28 @@ export function computeRangedTarget(
 		if (value !== 0 || note) modifiers.push({ id, label, value, note });
 	};
 
+	for (const entry of char.advantages) {
+		if (!entry.defId) continue;
+		const def = getAdvantage(entry.defId);
+		if (!def || def.fk_mod === 0) continue;
+		push(`advantage:${def.id}`, `Vorteil: ${def.name}`, -def.fk_mod);
+	}
+
+	for (const entry of char.disadvantages) {
+		if (!entry.defId) continue;
+		const def = getDisadvantage(entry.defId);
+		if (!def || def.fk_mod === 0) continue;
+		push(`disadvantage:${def.id}`, `Nachteil: ${def.name}`, -def.fk_mod);
+	}
+
+	for (const entry of char.abilities) {
+		if (!entry.defId) continue;
+		const def = getAbility(entry.defId);
+		if (!def || def.fk_mod === 0) continue;
+		if (def.weapon_type !== undefined && def.weapon_type !== weapon.id) continue;
+		push(`ability:${def.id}`, `SF: ${def.name}`, -def.fk_mod);
+	}
+
 	let strengthNote: string | undefined;
 	if (weapon.strengthRequirement !== undefined && weapon.strengthModifier !== undefined) {
 		const kk = effectiveAttr(char, 'KK');
diff --git a/src/lib/rules/abilities.ts b/src/lib/rules/abilities.ts
index 61a58b4..30ce502 100644
--- a/src/lib/rules/abilities.ts
+++ b/src/lib/rules/abilities.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import type { RangedWeaponId } from '$lib/rules/weapons-ranged';
+
 /** Abilities (Sonderfertigkeiten, extensible); modifiers for melee and ranged combat */
 export type AbilityDef = {
 	id: string;
@@ -5,6 +7,8 @@ export type AbilityDef = {
 	at_mod: number;
 	pa_mod: number;
 	fk_mod: number;
+	/** Nur für Talentspezialisierung: FK-Mod gilt nur für diese Fernkampfwaffe */
+	weapon_type?: RangedWeaponId;
 };
 
 export const ABILITIES: AbilityDef[] = [
@@ -55,42 +59,48 @@ export const ABILITIES: AbilityDef[] = [
 		name: 'Talentspezialisierung Bogen (Elfenbogen)',
 		at_mod: 0,
 		pa_mod: 0,
-		fk_mod: 2
+		fk_mod: 2,
+		weapon_type: 'elven_bow'
 	},
 	{
 		id: 'specialize_composite_bow',
 		name: 'Talentspezialisierung Bogen (Kompositbogen)',
 		at_mod: 0,
 		pa_mod: 0,
-		fk_mod: 2
+		fk_mod: 2,
+		weapon_type: 'composite_bow'
 	},
 	{
 		id: 'specialize_warbow',
 		name: 'Talentspezialisierung Bogen (Kriegsbogen)',
 		at_mod: 0,
 		pa_mod: 0,
-		fk_mod: 2
+		fk_mod: 2,
+		weapon_type: 'warbow'
 	},
 	{
 		id: 'specialize_shortbow',
 		name: 'Talentspezialisierung Bogen (Kurzbogen)',
 		at_mod: 0,
 		pa_mod: 0,
-		fk_mod: 2
+		fk_mod: 2,
+		weapon_type: 'shortbow'
 	},
 	{
 		id: 'specialize_longbow',
 		name: 'Talentspezialisierung Bogen (Langbogen)',
 		at_mod: 0,
 		pa_mod: 0,
-		fk_mod: 2
+		fk_mod: 2,
+		weapon_type: 'longbow'
 	},
 	{
 		id: 'specialize_orc_bow',
 		name: 'Talentspezialisierung Bogen (Ork. Reiterbogen)',
 		at_mod: 0,
 		pa_mod: 0,
-		fk_mod: 2
+		fk_mod: 2,
+		weapon_type: 'orc_bow'
 	}
 ];
 
diff --git a/src/lib/rules/modifiers-ranged.ts b/src/lib/rules/modifiers-ranged.ts
index 84bdbbc..be2cacc 100644
--- a/src/lib/rules/modifiers-ranged.ts
+++ b/src/lib/rules/modifiers-ranged.ts
@@ -303,28 +303,34 @@ export const RELOAD_STATES: ModifierRow[] = [
 	{ id: 'fast_reload_bow', name: 'Schnellladen', modifier: -1, skill: 'archery' }
 ];
 
+function resolveModifierRaw(
+	row: ModifierRow,
+	expertise: Expertise
+): number | string {
+	return expertise === 'master' && row.modifier_master !== undefined
+		? row.modifier_master
+		: expertise === 'expert' && row.modifier_expert !== undefined
+			? row.modifier_expert
+			: row.modifier;
+}
+
+/** Anzeige-Label für Dropdown-Optionen (berücksichtigt Scharfschütze/Meisterschütze). */
+export function formatModifierLabel(row: ModifierRow, expertise: Expertise): string {
+	const m = resolveModifierRaw(row, expertise);
+	return `${row.name} (${m})`;
+}
+
 export function resolveNumericModifier(
 	row: ModifierRow | undefined,
 	expertise: Expertise
 ): number | null {
 	if (!row) return null;
-	const raw =
-		expertise === 'master' && row.modifier_master !== undefined
-			? row.modifier_master
-			: expertise === 'expert' && row.modifier_expert !== undefined
-				? row.modifier_expert
-				: row.modifier;
+	const raw = resolveModifierRaw(row, expertise);
 	if (typeof raw === 'number') return raw;
 	return null;
 }
 
 export function isStringModifier(row: ModifierRow | undefined, expertise: Expertise): boolean {
 	if (!row) return false;
-	const raw =
-		expertise === 'master' && row.modifier_master !== undefined
-			? row.modifier_master
-			: expertise === 'expert' && row.modifier_expert !== undefined
-				? row.modifier_expert
-				: row.modifier;
-	return typeof raw === 'string';
+	return typeof resolveModifierRaw(row, expertise) === 'string';
 }
diff --git a/src/routes/characters/[id]/combat/ranged/+page.svelte b/src/routes/characters/[id]/combat/ranged/+page.svelte
index 54cc9ba..d90f33a 100644
--- a/src/routes/characters/[id]/combat/ranged/+page.svelte
+++ b/src/routes/characters/[id]/combat/ranged/+page.svelte
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 	import { page } from '$app/stores';
 	import type { Character } from '$lib/schema/character';
 	import { getCharacter } from '$lib/storage/repo';
-	import { computeRangedTarget, type Expertise } from '$lib/engine/ranged';
+	import { computeRangedTarget, expertiseFromCharacter } from '$lib/engine/ranged';
 	import { getRangedWeapon, RANGED_WEAPONS, type RangedWeaponId } from '$lib/rules/weapons-ranged';
 	import {
 		RANGES,
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@
 		type RangeId,
 		type ReloadStateId,
 		type TargetSizeId,
-		type VisibilityId
+		type VisibilityId,
+		formatModifierLabel
 	} from '$lib/rules/modifiers-ranged';
 
 	function optionLabel(row: ModifierRow): string {
-		const m = row.modifier;
-		return `${row.name} (${m})`;
+		return formatModifierLabel(row, expertise);
 	}
 
 	let char: Character | undefined;
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@
 	const id = $page.params.id ?? '';
 
 	let weaponId: RangedWeaponId = 'shortbow';
-	let expertise: Expertise = 'none';
 	let range: RangeId = 'near';
 	let targetSize: TargetSizeId = 'medium';
 	let visibility: VisibilityId = 'clear';
@@ -67,27 +66,24 @@
 		char &&
 		(() => {
 			try {
-				return computeRangedTarget(
-					char,
-					weaponId,
-					{
-						range,
-						targetSize,
-						visibility,
-						movement,
-						hitZone: hitZone === '' ? undefined : hitZone,
-						reloadState: reloadState || undefined,
-						extras: [...extras],
-						aimTurns,
-						targetBuild
-					},
-					expertise
-				);
+				return computeRangedTarget(char, weaponId, {
+					range,
+					targetSize,
+					visibility,
+					movement,
+					hitZone: hitZone === '' ? undefined : hitZone,
+					reloadState: reloadState || undefined,
+					extras: [...extras],
+					aimTurns,
+					targetBuild
+				});
 			} catch {
 				return null;
 			}
 		})();
 
+	$: expertise = char ? expertiseFromCharacter(char) : 'none';
+
 	$: hitZoneOptions = HIT_ZONES.filter((z) => z.build === targetBuild);
 
 	$: weaponForExamples = getRangedWeapon(weaponId);
@@ -120,15 +116,6 @@
 		{/if}
 	</section>
 
-	<section class="card stack">
-		<h2>Schützen-SF</h2>
-		<select bind:value={expertise}>
-			<option value="none">keine</option>
-			<option value="expert">Scharfschütze (expert)</option>
-			<option value="master">Meisterschütze (master)</option>
-		</select>
-	</section>
-
 	<section class="card stack">
 		<h2>Ziel</h2>
 		<div class="field">
@@ -216,7 +203,7 @@
 		<select bind:value={hitZone}>
 			<option value="">— keine —</option>
 			{#each hitZoneOptions as z}
-				<option value={z.id}>{z.name}</option>
+				<option value={z.id}>{optionLabel(z)}</option>
 			{/each}
 		</select>
 	</section>
diff --git a/tests/engine/derived.test.ts b/tests/engine/derived.test.ts
index ab364f8..64ae6b5 100644
--- a/tests/engine/derived.test.ts
+++ b/tests/engine/derived.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
-import { atBasis, fkBasis, lepMax, paBasis, computeDerived } from '$lib/engine/derived';
+import { aspMax, atBasis, aupMax, fkBasis, lepMax, paBasis, computeDerived } from '$lib/engine/derived';
 import { newCharacter } from '$lib/characters/default';
 
 describe('derived', () => {
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ describe('derived', () => {
 		const c = newCharacter({ name: 'Test', id: '00000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000001' });
 		expect(atBasis(c)).toBe(Math.round((11 + 11 + 11) / 5));
 		expect(paBasis(c)).toBe(Math.round((11 + 11 + 11) / 5));
-		expect(fkBasis(c)).toBe(Math.round((11 + 11 + 11) / 4));
+		expect(fkBasis(c)).toBe(Math.round((11 + 11 + 11) / 5));
 	});
 
 	it('includes race LeP bonus for human', () => {
@@ -17,10 +17,30 @@ describe('derived', () => {
 		const kk = 13;
 		c.eigenschaften.KO = { startwert: ko, mod: 0 };
 		c.eigenschaften.KK = { startwert: kk, mod: 0 };
-		const base = Math.floor((2 * ko + kk) / 2);
+		const base = Math.round((2 * ko + kk) / 2);
 		expect(lepMax(c)).toBe(base + 10 + c.energien.lep.mod);
 	});
 
+	it('computes aspMax as round((MU+IN+CH)/2) plus race and mod', () => {
+		const c = newCharacter({ id: '00000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000004' });
+		c.energien.asp = { mod: 0 };
+		c.eigenschaften.MU = { startwert: 12, mod: 0 };
+		c.eigenschaften.IN = { startwert: 14, mod: 0 };
+		c.eigenschaften.CH = { startwert: 10, mod: 0 };
+		const base = Math.round((12 + 14 + 10) / 2);
+		expect(aspMax(c)).toBe(base + c.energien.asp.mod);
+	});
+
+	it('computes aupMax as round((MU+KO+GE)/2) plus race and mod', () => {
+		const c = newCharacter({ id: '00000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000005' });
+		c.meta.rasse = 'mensch01';
+		c.eigenschaften.MU = { startwert: 13, mod: 0 };
+		c.eigenschaften.KO = { startwert: 12, mod: 0 };
+		c.eigenschaften.GE = { startwert: 11, mod: 0 };
+		const base = Math.round((13 + 12 + 11) / 2);
+		expect(aupMax(c)).toBe(base + 10 + c.energien.aup.mod);
+	});
+
 	it('computeDerived returns all keys', () => {
 		const c = newCharacter({ id: '00000000-0000-4000-8000-000000000003' });
 		const d = computeDerived(c);
diff --git a/tests/engine/ranged.test.ts b/tests/engine/ranged.test.ts
index d0149ff..81cf777 100644
--- a/tests/engine/ranged.test.ts
+++ b/tests/engine/ranged.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
 import { computeRangedTarget } from '$lib/engine/ranged';
+import { fkBasis } from '$lib/engine/derived';
 import { newCharacter } from '$lib/characters/default';
 import type { ExtraModifierId } from '$lib/rules/modifiers-ranged';
 
@@ -26,8 +27,8 @@ const baseSel = {
 describe('ranged', () => {
 	it('computes FK target with zero modifiers', () => {
 		const c = charWithBogen(4);
-		const fkBase = Math.round((11 + 11 + 11) / 4);
-		const r = computeRangedTarget(c, 'shortbow', { ...baseSel, reloadState: undefined }, 'none');
+		const fkBase = fkBasis(c);
+		const r = computeRangedTarget(c, 'shortbow', { ...baseSel, reloadState: undefined });
 		expect(r.fkBase).toBe(fkBase);
 		expect(r.baseTarget).toBe(fkBase + 4);
 		expect(r.finalTarget).toBe(fkBase + 4);
@@ -38,8 +39,7 @@ describe('ranged', () => {
 		const r = computeRangedTarget(
 			c,
 			'shortbow',
-			{ ...baseSel, range: 'medium', reloadState: 'regular_shot' },
-			'none'
+			{ ...baseSel, range: 'medium', reloadState: 'regular_shot' }
 		);
 		// +4 Entfernung, +1 normaler Schuss, +0 Zielgröße „groß“
 		expect(r.totalModifier).toBe(5);
@@ -51,10 +51,39 @@ describe('ranged', () => {
 		const r = computeRangedTarget(
 			c,
 			'shortbow',
-			{ ...baseSel, reloadState: 'aimed_shot' },
-			'none'
+			{ ...baseSel, reloadState: 'aimed_shot' }
 		);
 		expect(r.effectiveTaW).toBe(5);
 		expect(r.baseTarget).toBe(r.fkBase + 5);
 	});
+
+	it('applies matching weapon specialization (+2 FK)', () => {
+		const c = charWithBogen(0);
+		c.abilities = [{ id: 'sf1', defId: 'specialize_shortbow' }];
+		const base = computeRangedTarget(c, 'shortbow', baseSel);
+		const plain = computeRangedTarget(charWithBogen(0), 'shortbow', baseSel);
+		expect(base.finalTarget).toBe(plain.finalTarget + 2);
+	});
+
+	it('ignores specialization for a different weapon', () => {
+		const c = charWithBogen(0);
+		c.abilities = [{ id: 'sf1', defId: 'specialize_longbow' }];
+		const r = computeRangedTarget(c, 'shortbow', baseSel);
+		const plain = computeRangedTarget(charWithBogen(0), 'shortbow', baseSel);
+		expect(r.finalTarget).toBe(plain.finalTarget);
+	});
+
+	it('derives expert from Scharfschütze ability (TaW/2 -2 for aimed shot)', () => {
+		const c = charWithBogen(10);
+		c.abilities = [{ id: 'sf1', defId: 'sniper' }];
+		const r = computeRangedTarget(c, 'shortbow', { ...baseSel, reloadState: 'aimed_shot' });
+		expect(r.effectiveTaW).toBe(3);
+	});
+
+	it('derives master from Meisterschütze ability (full TaW for aimed shot)', () => {
+		const c = charWithBogen(10);
+		c.abilities = [{ id: 'sf1', defId: 'marksman' }];
+		const r = computeRangedTarget(c, 'shortbow', { ...baseSel, reloadState: 'aimed_shot' });
+		expect(r.effectiveTaW).toBe(10);
+	});
 });